Modifications : Astronaute

Version du 24 septembre 2011 à 15:07

Model starship 22nd century — Maquette avec deux figurines d'astronautes

Spationaute, astronaute, cosmonaute ou taïkonaute étaient des termes utilisés sur Terre durant les 20ème et 21ème siècles pour désigner les explorateurs spatiaux.

En 2151, le Commander Tucker se référa au métier dangereux d'astronautes dans les temps anciens, ceux-ci voyageaient dans des fusées avec des millions de litres d'hydrogène brûlant sous leur sièges. (ENT: "Silent Enemy")

Liste d'astronautes

Terriens

Nom	Organisation	Mission	Vaisseau	Année
Buzz Aldrin	NASA	Gemini 12^* Apollo 11		1966 1969
William Anders	NASA	Apollo 8		1968
Neil Armstrong	NASA	Gemini 8^* Apollo 11		1966 1969
Alan Bean	NASA	Apollo 12 Skylab 3	Skylab	1969 1973
John E. Blaha	NASA	STS-33	Discovery	1989
Guion Bluford	NASA	STS-39	Discovery	1991
Frank Borman	NASA	Apollo 8		1968
James Buchli	NASA	STS-51C	Discovery	1985
Sonny Carter	NASA	STS-33	Discovery	1989
John Casper	NASA	STS-36 STS-54	Atlantis Endeavour	1990 1993
Eugene Cernan	NASA	Apollo 10 Apollo 17		1969 1972
Cernan			Charybdis
Roger B. Chaffee	NASA	Apollo 1
Shaun Geoffrey Christopher			Sonde Terre-Saturne
Michael Coats	NASA	STS-39	Discovery	1991
Zefram Cochrane	-	-	Phoenix	2063
Pete Conrad	NASA	Apollo 12 Skylab 2		1969
Richard O. Covey	NASA	STS-26	Discovery	1988
John Oliver Creighton	NASA	STS-36	Atlantis	1990
Robert Crippen	NASA	STS-1^* STS-41G	Columbia Challenger	1981 1984
Walter Cunningham	NASA	Apollo 7		1968
Charles Duke	NASA	Apollo 16		1972
Donn F. Eisele	NASA	Apollo 7		1968
Ronald Evans	NASA	Apollo 17		1972
Evans	NASA		Charybdis
Fontana			Sonde Terre-Saturne
Youri Gagarine	URSS		Vostok 1
Marc Garneau	ASC	STS-41G	Challenger	1984
John Glenn	NASA	Mercury 6 STS-95	Discovery
Richard F. Gordon, Jr.	NASA	Apollo 12		1969
Frederick D. Gregory	NASA	STS-33	Discovery	1989
Gus Grissom	NASA	Apollo 1
L. Blaine Hammond	NASA	STS-39	Discovery	1991
Gregory J. Harbaugh	NASA	STS-39 STS-54	Discovery Endeavour	1991 1993
Frederick Hauck	NASA	STS-26	Discovery	1988
Susan J. Helms	NASA	STS-54 STS-101^*	Endeavour Atlantis	1993 2000
Richard Hieb	NASA	STS-39 STS-49	Discovery Endeavour	1991 1992
David C. Hilmers	NASA	STS-26 STS-36	Discovery Atlantis	1988 1990
James Irwin	NASA	Apollo 15		1971
Gregory Jarvis	NASA	STS-51L	Challenger	1986
John Kelly		Ares IV
Joseph Kerwin	NASA	Skylab 2
Rose Kumagawa		Ares IV
David Leestma	NASA	STS-41G	Challenger	1984
John M. Lounge	NASA	STS-26	Discovery	1988
Jim Lovell	NASA	Apollo 8 Apollo 13^*		1968 1970
Ken Mattingly	NASA	Apollo 16 STS-51C	Discovery	1972 1985
Christa McAuliffe	NASA	STS-51L	Challenger	1986
Jon McBride	NASA	STS-41G	Challenger	1984
James McDivitt	NASA	Apollo 9		1969
McMillan	NASA	Entraînement	-
Donald R. McMonagle	NASA	STS-39 STS-54	Discovery Endeavour	1991 1993
Ronald McNair	NASA	STS-51L	Challenger	1986
Edgar Mitchell	NASA	Apollo 14		1971
Richard Mullane	NASA	STS-36	Atlantis	1990
Story Musgrave	NASA	STS-33	Discovery	1989
George Nelson	NASA	STS-26	Discovery	1988
Andrei Novakovich		Ares IV
Shannon O'Donnell	NASA	Entraînement	-
O'Herlihy			Sonde Terre-Saturne
Ellison Onizuka	NASA	STS-51C STS-51L	Discovery Challenger	1985 1986
Gary Payton	NASA	STS-51C	Discovery	1985
Judith Resnick	NASA	STS-51L	Challenger	1986
Stephen G. Richey			Charybdis
Sally Ride	NASA	STS-41G	Challenger	1984
Stuart Roosa	NASA	Apollo 14		1971
Mario Runco, Jr.	NASA	STS-54	Endeavour	1993
Wally Schirra	NASA	Apollo 7		1968
Harrison Schmitt	NASA	Apollo 17		1972
Schmitt			Charybdis
Rusty Schweickart	NASA	Apollo 9		1969
Dick Scobee	NASA	STS-51L	Challenger	1986
David Scott	NASA	Apollo 9 Apollo 15		1969 1971
Paul D. Scully-Power	NASA	STS-41G	Challenger	1984
Alan Shepard	NASA	Freedom 7 Apollo 14		1971
Loren Shriver	NASA	STS-51C	Discovery	1985
Michael J. Smith	NASA	STS-51L	Challenger	1986
Thomas Patten Stafford	NASA	Apollo 10		1969
Kathryn Dwyer Sullivan	NASA	STS-41G	Challenger	1984
Kathryn C. Thornton	NASA	STS-33 STS-49	Discovery Endeavour	1989 1992
Pierre J. Thuot	NASA	STS-36 STS-49	Atlantis Endeavour	1990 1992
Charles L. Veach	NASA	STS-39 STS-52	Discovery Columbia	1991 1992
Paul Weitz	NASA	Skylab 2
Edward Higgins White	NASA	Apollo 1
Alfred Worden	NASA	Apollo 15		1971
John Young	NASA	Apollo 10 Apollo 16 STS-1^*	Columbia	1969 1972 1981

Autres civilisations

Gotana-Retz (Sky ship expedition)

Coulisses

Plusieurs astronautes réels sont apparus dans Star Trek :
- Mae Jemison dans TNG: "Second Chances"
- E. Michael Fincke et Terry Virts dans ENT: "These Are the Voyages..."

Liens externes

(fr) (en) Astronaute sur Wikipedia

@@ Ligne 21 : / Ligne 21 : @@
 | [[Alan Bean]] || NASA || ''[[Apollo 12]]''<br/>''[[Skylab|Skylab 3]]'' || <br/>''[[Skylab]]'' || 1969<br/>1973
 |-
-| [[John E. Blaha]] || NASA ||  ''[[STS-33]]'' || ''[[Discovery (OV-103)|Discovery]]'' ||
+| [[John E. Blaha]] || NASA ||  ''[[STS-33]]'' || ''[[Discovery (OV-103)|Discovery]]'' || 1989
 |-
-| [[Guion Bluford]] || NASA || ''[[STS-39]]'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[Guion Bluford]] || NASA || ''[[STS-39]]'' || ''Discovery'' || 1991
 |-
 | [[Frank Borman]] || NASA || ''Apollo 8'' ||  || 1968
 |-
-| [[James Buchli]] || NASA || ''[[STS-51C]]'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[James Buchli]] || NASA || ''[[STS-51C]]'' || ''Discovery'' || 1985
 |-
-| [[Sonny Carter]] || NASA || ''STS-33'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[Sonny Carter]] || NASA || ''STS-33'' || ''Discovery'' || 1989
 |-
-| [[John Casper]] || NASA || ''[[STS-36]]''<br/>''[[STS-54]]'' || ''[[Atlantis (OV-104)|Atlantis]]''<br/>''[[Endeavour (OV-105)|Endeavour]]'' ||
+| [[John Casper]] || NASA || ''[[STS-36]]''<br/>''[[STS-54]]'' || ''[[Atlantis (OV-104)|Atlantis]]''<br/>''[[Endeavour (OV-105)|Endeavour]]'' || 1990<br/>1993
 |-
-| [[Eugene Cernan]] || NASA || ''[[Apollo 10]]''<br/>''[[Apollo 17]]'' ||  || 1969
+| [[Eugene Cernan]] || NASA || ''[[Apollo 10]]''<br/>''[[Apollo 17]]'' ||  || 1969<br/>1972
 |-
 | [[Cernan]] ||  ||  || ''[[Charybdis]]'' ||
@@ Ligne 41 : / Ligne 41 : @@
 | [[Shaun Geoffrey Christopher]] ||  ||  || ''[[Sonde Terre-Saturne]]'' ||
 |-
-| [[Michael Coats]] || NASA || ''STS-39'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[Michael Coats]] || NASA || ''STS-39'' || ''Discovery'' || 1991
 |-
 | [[Zefram Cochrane]] || - || - || ''[[Phoenix]]'' || [[2063]]
@@ Ligne 47 : / Ligne 47 : @@
 | [[Pete Conrad]] || NASA || ''Apollo 12''<br/>''[[Skylab 2]]'' ||  || 1969
 |-
-| [[Richard O. Covey]] || NASA || ''[[STS-26]]'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[Richard O. Covey]] || NASA || ''[[STS-26]]'' || ''Discovery'' || 1988
 |-
-| [[John Oliver Creighton]] || NASA || ''STS-36 || ''Atlantis'' ||
+| [[John Oliver Creighton]] || NASA || ''STS-36 || ''Atlantis'' || 1990
 |-
-| [[Robert Crippen]] || NASA || ''[[STS-41G]]'' ||  ||
+| [[Robert Crippen]] || NASA || ''[[STS-1]]''{{real}}<br/>''[[STS-41G]]'' || ''Columbia''<br/>''Challenger'' || 1981<br/>1984
 |-
 | [[Walter Cunningham]] || NASA || ''[[Apollo 7]]'' ||  || 1968
 |-
-| [[Charles Duke]] || NASA || ''[[Apollo 16]]'' ||  ||
+| [[Charles Duke]] || NASA || ''[[Apollo 16]]'' ||  || 1972
 |-
 | [[Donn F. Eisele]] || NASA || ''Apollo 7'' ||  || 1968
 |-
-| [[Ronald Evans]] || NASA || ''Apollo 17'' ||  ||
+| [[Ronald Evans]] || NASA || ''Apollo 17'' ||  || 1972
 |-
 | [[Evans (NASA)|Evans]] || NASA ||  || ''Charybdis'' ||
@@ Ligne 67 : / Ligne 67 : @@
 | [[Youri Gagarine]] || [[URSS]] ||  || ''[[Vostok 1]]'' ||
 |-
-| [[Marc Garneau]] || [[Agence Spatiale Canadienne|ASC]] || ''STS-41G'' ||  ||
+| [[Marc Garneau]] || [[Agence Spatiale Canadienne|ASC]] || ''STS-41G'' || ''Challenger'' || 1984
 |-
 | [[John Glenn]] || NASA || ''Mercury 6''<br/>''STS-95'' || <br/>''Discovery'' ||
@@ Ligne 73 : / Ligne 73 : @@
 | [[Richard F. Gordon, Jr.]] || NASA || ''Apollo 12'' ||  || 1969
 |-
-| [[Frederick D. Gregory]] ||  NASA|| ''STS-33'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[Frederick D. Gregory]] ||  NASA|| ''STS-33'' || ''Discovery'' || 1989
 |-
 | [[Gus Grissom]] || NASA || ''Apollo 1'' ||  ||
 |-
-| [[L. Blaine Hammond]] || NASA || ''STS-39'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[L. Blaine Hammond]] || NASA || ''STS-39'' || ''Discovery'' || 1991
 |-
-| [[Gregory J. Harbaugh]] || NASA || ''STS-39''<br/>''STS-54'' || ''Discovery''<br/>''Endeavour'' ||
+| [[Gregory J. Harbaugh]] || NASA || ''STS-39''<br/>''STS-54'' || ''Discovery''<br/>''Endeavour'' || 1991<br/>1993
 |-
-| [[Frederick Hauck]] || NASA || ''STS-26'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[Frederick Hauck]] || NASA || ''STS-26'' || ''Discovery'' || 1988
 |-
-| [[Susan J. Helms]] || NASA || ''STS-54'' || ''Endeavour'' ||
+| [[Susan J. Helms]] || NASA || ''STS-54''<br/>''[[STS-101]]''{{real}} || ''Endeavour''<br/>''Atlantis'' || 1993<br/>2000
 |-
-| [[Richard Hieb]] || NASA || ''STS-39'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[Richard Hieb]] || NASA || ''STS-39''<br/>''STS-49'' || ''Discovery''<br/>''Endeavour'' || 1991<br/>1992
 |-
-| [[David C. Hilmers]] || NASA || ''STS-26''<br/>''STS-36'' || ''Discovery''<br/>''Atlantis'' ||
+| [[David C. Hilmers]] || NASA || ''STS-26''<br/>''STS-36'' || ''Discovery''<br/>''Atlantis'' || 1988<br/>1990
 |-
-| [[James Irwin]] || NASA || ''[[Apollo 15]]'' ||  ||
+| [[James Irwin]] || NASA || ''[[Apollo 15]]'' ||  || 1971
 |-
-| [[Gregory Jarvis]] || NASA || ''[[STS-51L]]'' || ''Challenger'' ||
+| [[Gregory Jarvis]] || NASA || ''[[STS-51L]]'' || ''Challenger'' || 1986
 |-
 | [[John Kelly]] ||  || ''[[Ares IV]]'' ||  ||
@@ Ligne 99 : / Ligne 99 : @@
 | [[Rose Kumagawa]] ||  || ''Ares IV'' ||  ||
 |-
-| [[David Leestma]] || NASA || ''STS-41G'' ||  ||
+| [[David Leestma]] || NASA || ''STS-41G'' || ''Challenger'' || 1984
 |-
-| [[John M. Lounge]] || NASA || ''STS-26'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[John M. Lounge]] || NASA || ''STS-26'' || ''Discovery'' || 1988
 |-
 | [[Jim Lovell]] || NASA || ''Apollo 8''<br/>''Apollo 13''{{real}} ||  || 1968<br/>1970
 |-
-| [[Ken Mattingly]] || NASA || ''Apollo 16''<br/> || ''STS-51C''<br/>''Discovery'' ||
+| [[Ken Mattingly]] || NASA || ''Apollo 16''<br/>''STS-51C'' || <br/>''Discovery'' || 1972<br/>1985
 |-
-| [[Christa McAuliffe]] || NASA || ''STS-51L'' || ''Challenger'' ||
+| [[Christa McAuliffe]] || NASA || ''STS-51L'' || ''Challenger'' || 1986
 |-
-| [[Jon McBride]] || NASA || ''STS-41G'' ||  ||
+| [[Jon McBride]] || NASA || ''STS-41G'' || ''Challenger'' || 1984
 |-
 | [[James McDivitt]] || NASA || ''[[Apollo 9]]'' ||  || 1969
@@ Ligne 115 : / Ligne 115 : @@
 | [[McMillan]] || NASA || ''Entraînement'' || - ||
 |-
-| [[Donald R. McMonagle]] || NASA || ''STS-39''<br/>''STS-54'' || ''Discovery''<br/>''Endeavour'' ||
+| [[Donald R. McMonagle]] || NASA || ''STS-39''<br/>''STS-54'' || ''Discovery''<br/>''Endeavour'' || 1991<br/>1993
 |-
-| [[Ronald McNair]] || NASA || ''STS-51L'' || ''Challenger'' ||
+| [[Ronald McNair]] || NASA || ''STS-51L'' || ''Challenger'' || 1986
 |-
 | [[Edgar Mitchell]] || NASA || ''[[Apollo 14]]'' ||  || 1971
 |-
-| [[Richard Mullane]] || NASA || STS-36 || ''Atlantis'' ||
+| [[Richard Mullane]] || NASA || STS-36 || ''Atlantis'' || 1990
 |-
-| [[Story Musgrave]] || NASA || ''STS-33'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[Story Musgrave]] || NASA || ''STS-33'' || ''Discovery'' || 1989
 |-
-| [[George Nelson]] || NASA || ''STS-26'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[George Nelson]] || NASA || ''STS-26'' || ''Discovery'' || 1988
 |-
 | [[Andrei Novakovich]] ||  || ''Ares IV'' ||  ||
@@ Ligne 133 : / Ligne 133 : @@
 | [[O'Herlihy (astronaute)|O'Herlihy]] ||  ||  || ''Sonde Terre-Saturne'' ||
 |-
-| [[Ellison Onizuka]] || NASA || ''STS-51C''<br/>''STS-51L'' || ''Discovery''<br/>''Challenger'' ||
+| [[Ellison Onizuka]] || NASA || ''STS-51C''<br/>''STS-51L'' || ''Discovery''<br/>''Challenger'' || 1985<br/>1986
 |-
-| [[Gary Payton]] || NASA || ''STS-51C'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[Gary Payton]] || NASA || ''STS-51C'' || ''Discovery'' || 1985
 |-
-| [[Judith Resnick]] || NASA || ''STS-51L'' || ''Challenger'' ||
+| [[Judith Resnick]] || NASA || ''STS-51L'' || ''Challenger'' || 1986
 |-
 | [[Stephen G. Richey]] ||  ||  || ''Charybdis'' ||
 |-
-| [[Sally Ride]] || NASA || ''STS-41G'' ||  ||
+| [[Sally Ride]] || NASA || ''STS-41G'' || ''Challenger'' || 1984
 |-
 | [[Stuart Roosa]] || NASA || ''Apollo 14'' ||  || 1971
 |-
-| [[Mario Runco, Jr.]] || NASA || ''STS-54'' || ''Endeavour'' ||
+| [[Mario Runco, Jr.]] || NASA || ''STS-54'' || ''Endeavour'' || 1993
 |-
 | [[Wally Schirra]] || NASA || ''Apollo 7'' ||  || 1968
 |-
-| [[Harrison Schmitt]] || NASA || ''Apollo 17'' ||  ||
+| [[Harrison Schmitt]] || NASA || ''Apollo 17'' ||  || 1972
 |-
 | [[Schmitt]] ||  ||  || ''Charybdis'' ||
@@ Ligne 155 : / Ligne 155 : @@
 | [[Rusty Schweickart]] || NASA || ''Apollo 9'' ||  || 1969
 |-
-| [[Dick Scobee]] || NASA || ''STS-51L'' || ''Challenger'' ||
+| [[Dick Scobee]] || NASA || ''STS-51L'' || ''Challenger'' || 1986
 |-
-| [[David Scott]] || NASA || ''Apollo 9''<br/>''Apollo 15'' ||  || 1969
+| [[David Scott]] || NASA || ''Apollo 9''<br/>''Apollo 15'' ||  || 1969<br/>1971
 |-
-| [[Paul D. Scully-Power]] || NASA || ''STS-41G'' ||  ||
+| [[Paul D. Scully-Power]] || NASA || ''STS-41G'' || ''Challenger'' || 1984
 |-
 | [[Alan Shepard]] || NASA || ''Freedom 7''<br/>''Apollo 14'' ||  || <br/>1971
 |-
-| [[Loren Shriver]] || NASA || ''STS-51C'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[Loren Shriver]] || NASA || ''STS-51C'' || ''Discovery'' || 1985
 |-
-| [[Michael J. Smith]] || NASA || ''STS-51L'' || ''Challenger'' ||
+| [[Michael J. Smith]] || NASA || ''STS-51L'' || ''Challenger'' || 1986
 |-
 | [[Thomas Patten Stafford]] || NASA || ''Apollo 10'' ||  || 1969
 |-
-| [[Kathryn Dwyer Sullivan]] || NASA || ''STS-41G'' ||  ||
+| [[Kathryn Dwyer Sullivan]] || NASA || ''STS-41G'' || ''Challenger'' || 1984
 |-
-| [[Kathryn C. Thornton]] || NASA || ''STS-33'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[Kathryn C. Thornton]] || NASA || ''STS-33''<br/>''STS-49'' || ''Discovery''<br/>''Endeavour'' || 1989<br/>1992
 |-
-| [[Pierre J. Thuot]] || NASA || ''STS-36''<br/>''[[STS-49]]'' || ''Atlantis''<br/>''Endeavour'' ||
+| [[Pierre J. Thuot]] || NASA || ''STS-36''<br/>''STS-49'' || ''Atlantis''<br/>''Endeavour'' || 1990<br/>1992
 |-
-| [[Charles L. Veach]] || NASA || ''STS-39'' || ''Discovery'' ||
+| [[Charles L. Veach]] || NASA || ''STS-39''<br/>''STS-52'' || ''Discovery''<br/>''Columbia'' || 1991<br/>1992
 |-
 | [[Paul Weitz]] || NASA || ''Skylab 2'' ||  ||
@@ Ligne 181 : / Ligne 181 : @@
 | [[Edward Higgins White]] || NASA || ''Apollo 1'' ||  ||
 |-
-| [[Alfred Worden]] || NASA || ''Apollo 15'' ||  ||
+| [[Alfred Worden]] || NASA || ''Apollo 15'' ||  || 1971
 |-
-| [[John Young]] || NASA || ''Apollo 10''<br/>''Apollo 16'' ||  || 1969
+| [[John Young]] || NASA || ''Apollo 10''<br/>''Apollo 16''<br/>''STS-1''{{real}} || <br/><br/>''Columbia'' || 1969<br/>1972<br/>1981
 |-
 |}