Attitude control, or attitude and stabilization control, is a means of determining and maintaining proper orientation in space.
In 2152, Captain Jonathan Archer was able to identify the attitude control panel of an Enolian transport. (ENT: "Canamar")
In 2365, the sentient holodeck character, Professor James Moriarty, on the USS Enterprise-D was able to construct a crude device that toggled attitude control in the holodeck. He used this several times, causing the ship to shudder uncontrollably. (TNG: "Elementary, Dear Data")
In 2368 of an alternate timeline, the USS Enterprise-D lost attitude control prior to its destruction as a result of colliding with the USS Bozeman. (TNG: "Cause and Effect")
In 2369, when a network of artificial satellites attacked the runabout USS Yangtzee Kiang while orbiting a penal moon in the Gamma Quadrant, Major Kira Nerys tried to stabilize the attitude control response. (DS9: "Battle Lines")
Attitude control can be lost due to damage to a navigational array. This happened to the USS Orinoco when it was attacked by the Maquis in 2370. (DS9: "The Maquis, Part II")
That same year, Captain Jean-Luc Picard and Lieutenant commander Data returned from a three-day shuttle mission to retrieve a wayward photon torpedo to find the Enterprise-D adrift. Picard was able to quickly re-establish attitude control from the bridge, but main power proved impossible to restore quickly, as the entire power transfer grid had been destroyed. (TNG: "Genesis")
On Stardate 52586.3, a biomimetic copy of the USS Voyager and its crew, created by the Silver Blood during Voyager's encounter with it the previous year, lost attitude control after ejecting its modified warp core prior to its destruction. The ship was losing molecular cohesion and all on-board systems were failing because of the enhancements to the warp drive which, although got the ship closer to the Alpha Quadrant than the original ship, emitted radiation lethal to Silver Blood matter. The biomimetic ship sent out a distress signal which the original Voyager responded to too late, by which time only insignificant and unidentifiable compounds remained. (VOY: "Demon", "Course: Oblivion")