Barbarism or savagery was the absence of culture or civilization, and typically involved extreme cruelty and brutality. This was associated with barbarian behavior.
In 2269, the immortal Flint put the crew of the USS Enterprise into suspended animation, with the intention of keeping them there for a thousand to two-thousand years. Doctor Leonard McCoy asked why he would do such a thing as Flint had watched the Human species evolve from cruelty and barbarism throughout his enormous life. (TOS: "Requiem for Methuselah")
In 2364, Q had put the crew of the USS Enterprise-D on trial to answer for the savageries of their species. (TNG: "Encounter at Farpoint")