Carbohydrates were organic molecules commonly found in food that filled numerous roles in living organisms.
By 2151, the Xyrillians claimed to be able to synthesize proteins and carbohydrates. Prior to Trip Tucker's visit to a Xyrillian starship in order to effect repairs, T'Pol cautioned him to be diplomatic about the flavor of the food they, as it might be unpleasant. (ENT: "Unexpected")
In 2267, Janet and Theodore Wallace performed experiments using carbohydrate compounds to slow the aging of plants on Aldebaran III. (TOS: "The Deadly Years")
In 2373, Michael Eddington lamented that replicator entrée 103 – curried chicken and rice with a side order of carrots – was actually just replicated protein molecules and textured carbohydrates. (DS9: "Blaze of Glory")
In an alternate 2374, Neelix's energy drink "elixir of endurance," was filled with carbohydrates. (VOY: "Year of Hell, Part II")