Cayenne pepper (or cayenne) was a pungent red chili pepper commonly used as a spice in Cajun and Creole cooking. It was also utilized for its medicinal benefits.
In 2153, Jonathan Archer exchanged several spices from Enterprise's galley, including cayenne pepper, mustard seed, paprika, and pepper to B'Rat Ud in exchange for the formula necessary for synthesizing trellium. (ENT: "Rajiin")
Cayenne pepper was a popular seasoning among various members of the Sisko family. However, Joseph Sisko felt that his daughter Judith never put enough cayenne pepper in jambalaya. (DS9: "Homefront", "Accession")