Cellular peptide refers to certain chains of molecules found in the cells of living things.
In 2370, Lt. Commander Data began to have unusual nightmares when using his "dreaming" program. After a series of incidents, culminating in Data's stabbing attack on Counselor Deanna Troi, it became clear that he was subconsciously detecting interphasic organisms, which were extracting and consuming cellular peptides from crew members. If Data had been unable to discover a method of killing these organisms, the loss of these peptides would have ultimately proven fatal.
One of Data's dreams involved his cutting into Troi as a "cellular peptide cake… with mint frosting". He also saw Dr. Crusher nonchalantly drinking a pink liquid from Riker's head through a drinking straw. (TNG: "Phantasms")
In 2373, a memory virus, discovered by the crew of the USS Voyager, fed on peptides generated by the brain. (VOY: "Flashback")
The Geeky Chef made a recipe for Cellular Peptide Cake.