The chondroblast-cell scan was an advanced test performed by Starfleet physicians in the mid-23rd century.
In the 2250s, Doctor Hugh Culber performed multiple chondroblast-cell scans of Lieutenant Ash Tyler. Based on the test results, Culber concluded that the scans revealed that, contrary to an earlier assumption that Tyler had been tortured, he had been surgically altered by the Klingons. The Klingon surgeons had opened up Tyler's limbs and shortened his radii, femurs, and spinal cord. (DIS: "Despite Yourself")