A fishing boat was a type of boat used on Earth for fishing.
In 2376, Tom Paris mentioned a fishing boat as part of the mental picture he was trying to paint of Fair Haven for Tuvok. It was an attempt to lure the Vulcan to visit the holoprogram which he had created. In Paris' words, "Imagine yourself sitting high on a bluff overlooking the ocean. The salt air, The rhythm of the waves rising and crashing against the rocks. A tiny fishing boat bobbing on the water below. Up and down, up and down." (VOY: "Fair Haven")