A glyph was a basic symbol in a written language.
The Novans on Terra Nova created several glyphs on the walls in tunnels and in the gutting room. (ENT: "Terra Nova")
In 2370, Captain Jean-Luc Picard, while disguised as "Galen", studied glyphs on Vulcan artifacts collected by Arctus Baran. In particular, he noted a glyph meaning "peace" placed between the glyphs for the Vulcan Gods of War and Death on the Stone of Gol. (TNG: "Gambit, Part I", "Gambit, Part II")