The kangaroo was a large marsupial native to Australia on Earth.
When Spock tried to match the sound of the Whale Probe to the sound of an Earth animal aboard the Klingon Bird-of-Prey HMS Bounty using the phylum search mode in 2286, a kangaroo was one of the animals displayed. (Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home)
The scientific name for the kangaroo was shown as Martes pennanti, which is the scientific name of the fisher (a weasel).