Kataan was the primary of the formerly inhabited Kataan star system in the Silarian sector.
This star went nova approximately a thousand years before the 2360s. This event was heralded by droughts on an inhabited planet in the system, Kataan. (TNG: "The Inner Light", "Lessons")
This star was not named in the episode; rather, the name came from Star Trek Encyclopedia, 3rd ed., p. 232 and StarTrek.com.[1](X)