The Kataan star system was a planetary system in the Silarian sector, containing six planets. One of these planets, Kataan, was once inhabited by a pre-warp civilization.
When the primary novaed, in the late 14th century, all life in the system was destroyed. All that remained of the civilization were a probe, a flute, and the memories of one inhabitant of a community on the planet, Kamin, kept in Captain Jean-Luc Picard's mind.
The system remained uncharted by the Federation into the mid-24th century. (TNG: "The Inner Light")
According to the Star Trek Encyclopedia, 3rd ed., p. 232 and StarTrek.com, the primary of this system was named Kataan.[1](X)