A meteorologist was a scientist who specialized in the field of meteorology.
Carl Jaeger served as a meteorologist aboard the USS Enterprise in 2267. Before transporting down to Gothos, in his role as meteorologist, he reported that the planet had "no detectable soil or vegetation. Extremely hot, toxic atmosphere swept by tornadic storm. Continuous volcanic eruptions. Deadly to any lifeforms such as we know it without oxygen and life support systems." (TOS: "The Squire of Gothos")