20th century map depicting the Arctic Circle region of Earth
The Martian North Pole in 2154
A North Pole was the northernmost point of a planet. Its southern equivalent is a South Pole.
On Earth, the North Pole was contained within a region known as the Arctic Circle. 20th century-era maps of the Arctic Circle, including the North Pole were stored in the USS Enterprise library computer in 2254. (TOS: "The Cage")
The North Pole of Mars was covered by an ice cap. By 2154, it was the frequent target of comets, as part of a terraforming effort. (ENT: "Terra Prime")