Peru was a country on the Pacific coast of the South American continent on Earth. Its capital was Lima.
In 1962, Vic Fontaine sang the song "Come Fly with Me" at his nightclub. One of the exotic locales mentioned in the song was Peru, which was described as llamaland. (DS9: "His Way")
In 2024, Peru participated in the Europa Mission. (PIC: "Fly Me to the Moon")