A predator was a hunting lifeform focused on other lifeforms, called prey. Species maps including predators might just consist of a predator-prey binary, or might be more complex food chains.
Species evolved from predators (which included Vulcans, Humans, Betazoids and Ocampa), had violent instincts. (VOY: "Meld";DIS: "The Vulcan Hello")
After Spock told Trelane that his father was from Vulcan, Trelane asked him if the Vulcans were predatory. (TOS: "The Squire of Gothos")
The Vorta believed that they previously existed as small, timid, ape-like forest dwellers living in hollowed-out trees to avoid predators on their homeworld, of which there were many. (DS9: "Treachery, Faith and the Great River")
While stranded on Goralis III in 2375, Worf killed a large furry mammal, somewhat similar to a wolf, for food. Worf also mentioned the planet having predators that might pose a threat to him. (DS9: "Penumbra")
Captain Jean-Luc Picard compared the Scimitar with a predator following a tactical analysis of its weapon systems. (Star Trek Nemesis)
Edit