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Memory Alpha

Qu'Vat was an inhabited planet in the Qu'Vat system. The planet was inside Klingon space in the Beta Quadrant.

QuVat colony display

A computer display showing three settlements of the Qu'Vat Colony

In 2154, it was the site of the Klingon Qu'Vat Colony of several million, spread across three settlements. (ENT: "Affliction", "Divergence")

In 2259, the Serene Squall set a course for this planet when they were preparing to sell the crew of the USS Enterprise to the Klingons as slave labor. Their intentions were interrupted by Captain Christopher Pike and the rest of his captured crew. (SNW: "The Serene Squall")

In the script of "The Augments", this planet was described as having a "blue-green" coloration.
The planet's coastline when visible from orbit is actually taken from Earth's eastern Aegean Sea, including the islands of Lesbos and Xios. The computer display of the planet shows a map similar to a large part of Earth, with clear parallels to the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian Peninsula, the Black Sea, the Caspian Sea, and Northeast Africa.
The Star Trek Encyclopedia, 4th ed., vol. 2, p. 192 classified the Qu'Vat planet as a M-class planet.