A sandstorm or dust storm was a type of storm which occurred when a strong atmospheric disturbance caused sand, dirt, or dust to become airborne.
On Tarchannen III, sandstorms were a frequent occurrence. During an investigation on the planet in 2367, Lieutenant Commander Data theorized that an absence of footprints was due to a sandstorm. (TNG: "Identity Crisis")
Vulcan experienced dangerous sandstorms called sandfire storms, which were accompanied by electric lightnings. (ENT: "The Forge")
Nirak became known as a fool when he mistook an approaching army for a sandstorm. (ENT: "Kir'Shara")
Halem'no was beset by dust storms which covered the planet. According to Halem'nite mythology, the planet was once fertile and gentle, but the storms came as a punishment from the gods for ancient wars. In the 24th century, the Denobulans built five weather modification towers on Halem'no to secretly protect the Halem'nites from the dust storm and to provide them with rain, but the towers began to fail. When four failed completely, the settlements depending on them for survival were destroyed. When the USS Discovery visited in 3191, the only inhabitable area on the planet was around the High Summit, the last weather tower which was in the middle of failing. By this point, the storms were growing increasingly severe according to Discovery's scans. With the help of Adira Tal, Michael Burnham was able to repair the High Summit so that the Halem'nites could continue to survive and ensured that they would receive the training that they needed to maintain the weather tower over time. (DIS: "Whistlespeak")