A seismic analysis was an analysis of seismology data, such as records of quake severity and frequency.
In 2376, when the USS Voyager became trapped in orbit of a planet where time was accelerated, The Doctor was sent to the surface to retrieve information. He returned having committed to memory meteorological records and detailed seismic analyses for three hundred years, though some of the older records were imprecise almanacs. (VOY: "Blink of an Eye")