A short range scan was a type of scan that looked for objects in close proximity to the scan's origin point.
In 2151, Enterprise NX-01 performed a short-range scan of Archer's Comet. (ENT: "Breaking the Ice")
While performing a short range scan, Captain Kathryn Janeway located a planet near her location at the Caretaker's array, Ocampa. (VOY: "Caretaker")
The crew of Voyager performed another short range scan in 2371 to gather more information about the omicron particle quantity of the nucleogenic cloud being. (VOY: "The Cloud")
Captain Janeway, The Doctor, and B'Elanna Torres watched the results of a short range scan in the EMH's office after scanning a photonic lattice. (VOY: "Heroes and Demons")
In 2373, Captain Kathryn Janeway ordered Chakotay to obtain a short range scan of an unknown biomass inside a Borg cube. (VOY: "Scorpion")
In 2375, Chief Engineer B'Elanna Torres performed a short range scan of the hull of the USS Voyager and found a silicon-based parasite. (VOY: "The Disease")