Striking a fellow officer was a court martial offense in Starfleet.
In 2267, after Spock came back to his previously Omicron spore-addled senses, having hit Captain Kirk a number of times and vice versa, he reminded the captain of the prescribed consequences for striking a fellow officer. Kirk then dismissed the issue, asking if they were both in the brig, nobody could build the subsonic transmitter that was necessary to free other crewmembers from the spores' influence. (TOS: "This Side of Paradise")
In 2371, Chakotay confined B'Elanna Torres to quarters after she hit Joe Carey. Tuvok felt she should be moved to USS Voyager's brig until Captain Kathryn Janeway could preside over her hearing. Chakotay eventually convinced the Vulcan to let him deal with it. (VOY: "Parallax")